Composite rail-tie.



B. WOLHAUPTER.

- COMPOSITE RAIL TIE. A APPLxATIoN FILED mags, 1901.

manned ont. 19, 1909,

summe@ a B. WOLHAUPTER.

COMPOSITE RAIL TIB.'v PPL-109111011 FILED' 1120.291907.

' 9 Patented oct. 19, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Witngao l @twang UNITED sATns PATENT carica.

BENJAMIN WOLHAUPTER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

coiiirosrrn RAIL-TIE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented oct. 19, 1909.

Application led December 23, 1907.v Serial No. 407,774.

To alf whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN NOLHAUP- TER, acitizen of the United States, residing at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Composite Rail-Ties, of which the follow- 1s a specification.

in `his invention relates to theV subject of track structures for railways, and has special reference to that type of cross ties which are commonly termed cement or composition ties and employed as a substitute for the or'T dinary Wooden ties generally used.

i To this end the invention contemplates a simpleand thoroughly practical construction of tie which may be characterized as a r 'composite t1e,'1nasmuch as vthe same emions for the rails.

,bodies in its organization the. general characteristics and advantages of a cement or concrete tie as well as'v a metallic tie, while alsopreserving and utilizing the advantages of a wooden tie. by providing wooden cushions for the bearing support of the rails.

A' 'eneral object of the invention is to provi e a composite tie possessing in the metal parts ample strenft, and rigidity to carry the loadsy require said metal parts being protected and held in position by concrete.

Furthermore, another object of the inven- 1 tion is to provide a composite tie carrying cushions for the rails depth of4 the tie.

A further object of the invention is to provide for an4 effective and uniform rdisof substantially the .tribution of the load throughout the tie inv connection with the rovision of deep cushlso, the invention contemplates a construction wherein any api.

proved or preferred types ofrail fasteningsl may be employed such as can be, and are, employed to .fasten rails to the ordinary wooden ties.

A still, further objectof the invention is to provide a construction of tie wherein the y trgck circuits for signaling purposes are not interfered with in the least, inasmuch as the tieprovides for a complete insulation of one rail from the other.

Witlr these and vmany other objects in yieW, 'which will readily appear to those fa- ,niiliar with the art, the invention consists in ythe nmelconstrubtion, combination and arrangement of parts-hereinafter more fully described, illustrated, and claimed.

The essential features of the invention, involved in carrying out the objects above indicated, are necessarily susceptible to a Wide range of structural modilcation without departing from the scope of the invenshown 1n the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a complete tie constructed in accordance with this invention, and showing the bear-4 ing cushions forthe rails in elevation. Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional'view of 1one yend porton'of the tie, \showing in elevation the bearing' cushion fo'r`on'el rail'. ,Fig 3 is a Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a detail'inperspective of a Fig. `5 is a detail perspective view of one form of transverse bracing tie that may be utilized to. connect or ytie oppositely arranged `frame bars.'

JLike references designate corresponding parts in the several 'figures of the drawin s. The improved tie contemplated by t e present invention primarily consists of a mterior metallic bars A2 entirely embedded in, and enveloped by, concrete material, and

tially the entire length of the sameV so as to constitute the, metal frame -or frame work for the tie body,;while at the same time acting in the'capacity of reinforcing units to stili'en therewith inthe manner hereinafter more portion of oneof the ieinforci'g frame bars.

concrete body portion 1 and a plurality ofiy extending longitudinally. thereof, substanconcrete vbodyis simply vintended to include the metallic bars and the cushions associatedtion, but a preferred embodiment thereof is I transverse sectional viewon/the line 3-3 of and strengthen the tiethroughout, lsaid meor cement composition, such but. p

fully explained. Als above pointed ont, the present invention is not restricted 'to an?? particular kind of concrete or cement material in the formation of the tie, andthe term concrete is employed in a broad sense to include not only what is known as regular concrete and cement composition, but'also to include compositions made up of asphalt, broken stone, and sand, or equivalent combinations. The said concrete body portion l ot' the tie is intended to preserve the conventional outline and dimensions of the ordinary wooden cross ties, and is designed to be Vmolded andcompressed about the interior bars 2 by any suitable or approved means to provide a.. tie oi sutlicient weight and having the necessary bearing surfaces necessary to properly hold it in the ballast, and to meet the traltic requirements.

A distinctive ieature of the invention resides in the form-and arrangement ot' the interior metallic bar 2- and their relation to the other parts of' the tie structure. Referring to these bars, it will be observed that the same are .of the flanged type of metal bars and are preferably ot that design commonly known as Z bars, which are provided ,with uppe and lower oppositely disposed flanges 3 and 4, respectively. In the embodinicnt of the invention shown in the drawings, a pair of the Z bars 2 is preferably ernployed, the same being arranged in opposite parallel relation, and co-extensive, as both of said b ars extend lengthwise of the concrete tie body and terminate close to the ends kof said body, as plainly shown in Fig. l of the drawings.

In connection with the mounting of the oppositely `aranged bars 2, it will be ob served that the upper horizontal Hanges 3 thereotl are turned outwardly from the vertical webs ot' the bars and are embedded in the top portion 'ot the concrete body below the plane of the top surface of said body, while the lower horizontal flanges 4: et the opposite bars are turned inwardly t lward each other toprovide supporting bases for the rail bearing cushions 5, `to be presently referred t0.

ln regard to the mounting of the trame bars 2, it may be further explained that any suitable devices or expedients may be rcsorted to for irmly bonding the bars in the concrete body, and also for tying said bars against lateral mover-.lent or displacement, 'act ical means for accomplishing these results arc shown in the drawings.. IReferring thereto, it .is to bey noted that each of the bars 2 ,mayb'e provided in the body portion Athereot'Nwith ,a plurality of bonding holes Gai-ranged inl any desired number or position, and designed to permit concrete or cement material to bond itself in said holes and thereby more firmly bond or bind all vthe concrete into one mass and thus prevent esmas the bars from splitting it up into separate pieces thus disintegrating the tie. The means shown for tying the opposite bars together to lock or secure the same against lateral movement or displacement and also to brace them against lateral strains, consists in the employment of upper and lower tie bars arranged transversely of the tie body and having suitable rigid connection withg the opposite bars. In the arrangement? shown, there may be employed a series of"i upper tie bars 7 located at suitable intervals throughout the length of the tie and transversely disposed with reference thereto, so as to connect the opposite frame bars 2 at their upper edges: The said upper tie bars or bracing ties 7 may be conveniently interlocked or connected with the frame bars by providing the said tie bars at their terminals with downturned engaging hooks t. engaging over the outer edges of the upper flanges 3 of the frame bars. Also, in connection with said upper series of tie bars T, there may be employed, as shown, a corresponding series ot lower tic bars 9 likewise disposed transversely of the tie body and arranged at suitable intervals. The said lower tie bars 9 are shown as extending trans versely between the opposite frame bars 2 directly over the bottom flanges elthereof and conveniently interlocked or connected with the frame bars by means of T fastening heads 10 provided at. the ends of said bars 9 and having a detachable interlockino engagement with the T-shaped keeper holes 11 piercing the frame bars 2.

Referring to the mounting oi the rail bearing cushions 5, these cushions are lo cated at points in the tie body where bearing supports .are to be provided for the op posite track rails, and at such points the tie body is provided with what may be termed retaining pockets 12 for the cushions. At the points where the pockets 12 are'to b e provided, the concrete or cement material is omitted from the space between the vertical webs of the opposite bars 2 so-that when the bearing cushions 5 are introduced into the pockets, said cushions will registery 4snugly between the said webs of the opposite frame bars 2 and rest directly on the upper surfaces of the bottom supporting (langes 4. as plainly shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings. The snug, registering tit of the cushions 5 between the oppositel` located frame bars 2 efectually secures said cushions against movement laterally of the tic body. Movement or displacement of the tot cushions in a direction longitudinally of the tie body, and hence transversely of the railway track, is prevented by providing the.

trame bars with a plurality ot' laterally and inwardly deflected abutment projections 13 arranged in a` manner to constitute metallic ends for the pockets l2. The abutment proosa-,rse

jections may be provided in various ways, tl` deep cushiony is piovidetl for the rails, and

that the load 1s carried first to the bottom but a simple and practical construction"'is shown in the drawingsand resides in'mak-- ing said abutment projections 13 in the form of rectangular wings punched out,directly from the metal bodiesof the bars 2 so asl to be d isposed at approximately right angles thereto. Furthermore, the abutment projeetions 13 of each Vbar 2 are preferably struck out from the, bar in pairs, and the separate pairs are arranged in opposite rela.- t-ion on the bar at the points where both of the retaining pocketsy 12 are located so that, for each retaining pocket "12, each frame bar 2 has two pairs of abutment projections 13 respectively at opposite en ds of the retaining pocket. Furthermore, itis preferable to arrange the abutment projections 13 of each pair in spaced relation, one above the other, so that the concrete material fills in the space between said projections and about the edges thereof, thereby closing in the ends of the pockets 12 while permitting the cushions 5 to abut directly against the said abutment proyections. I

The foregoing constitutes a' thoroughly reinforced and substantial construction for retaining the oppositely located cushions 5 in proper position in the tie body, but in this connection, an additional feature that may be utilized is that of inclining the abutment projections 13 slightly from a perpendicular plane so as to make the retaining pockets '12 of a downwardly tapering form so that by correspondingly `'beveling or inclining the ends of the cushions 5, the latter are in 4effect wedges which tightly wedge themselves in their retaining pockets under the application of the load, thus securing a very vrigid mounting for the individual cushions.

`The individual cushions 5 for .theopposite track rails R consist of short lengths or ing the ordinary rail fastening spikes,f;rail way, lag screws, or other track fastenings adapted for use in connection with the ordinary wooden ties. It is also the urpose pf the lpresent invention to preferab y 4employ cushions 5 made Iup of two or more sections or blocks of wood arranged in'closely 'matching relation and tightly fitted into the retaining pockets as sug ested by the illustration in Fig. 3 of the rawings.l And, itis preferable to so arrange the wooden cushions 5 as to dispose the grain verticall or endwise of the vertical thrust ofthe oad, thus providing a more effective and durable support for the rails. Itis also to be noted that t ie bearing cushions 5 are of suiicient height t project above the plane ofthe top surface of the tie body to hold the railsout of conn 'tactwith the latter and by resting) the supportmgwooden cushions near the ottoni of the, tie, body' on. the, bottom supporting anges 4c, it-will be' apparent-'that a very flanges of said bars. blocks of wo`od which" are capable offreceiv-l AWithout further description, but itis also to be understood that various changes in the forni, proportion, and minor details of construction may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the l' advantages-of the invention.

1. A tie comprisingv a concrete body, a vertically arranged bar embedded therein and provided.f at its lower'edge'with a supporting base, and rail bearing cushions seated on said base. V

2. A compositetie comprising a concrete body, vertically arranged interior frame bars provided at their bottonredges with supporting l ases, and rail bearingcushions seated on said bases.

3. A compositev tie 4coniprisinga concrete body, vertically arranged interior-frame bars provided at their bottom edgeis-lyvith inturned4 supporting flanges, and bearing cushions seate on said flanges, 'y

- 4. A composite tie comprising a .concrete body, vvertically arranged interior' bars provided at their bottom edges with sutpportin flanges, and bearing cushionsseat'e Aon said flanges and projecting above the top surface of the tie. i f 5.- A composite tie comprisingy a concrete body, incased vertically arrangedfZ bars, and wooden.cushi`ons seated on the bottom 6.,'A composlte t1e comprising azcon'crete body, incased': vertically VarrangedfZ bars, and wooden cushions seated on the bottomanges of said'barsand projecting Iabove the top surface of the tie.v

7. A composite tieucomprisln body, vertically'arranged incase frame-barshaving bonding holesfor the concrete mate.-

nection wit 'the .frame cushions for the rails; Y.

8. LA composlte tie comprising sooner-fe i' 125 frame bars aving supporting bases, a coni y rial, bracin ties havingjan interlocked-c onbars,- and bearing CII 10. A composite tie. comprising' a concrete body having cushion retaining pockets, in- Cased metallic framebars provided with laterally projecting' abutnients.arranged at the ends of the pockets, andrailbearing cushions seated within the pockets between said abutments.

1l. A composite tie eoniprising a concrete body provided with cushion retaining,l pockets, incased metallic traine bars provided with punched out abutment projections located at the ends ot' saidpoekets, a ud bearing` cushions seated .in said pockets.

1Q. A composite tie comprising' a concrete body having cushion retainingr pockets, incased Z bars provided with punched outu in 'ardly deflected wings eonstitutii'ip; abutment projections located at the ends of the pockets, and bearing cushions seated in said pockets.

13. A Composite tie Comprising' a Concrete body, ineased Z bars having' bondingl openings, and bearing' cushions seated on the lower rlang'es of said bars.

14. A tie comprising` verticallyv arranged Z bars, and wooden cushions seated on the bottom flanges of said bars and projecting above the surface of the ties.

A tie Comprising Z bars having their top flanges outturned, and their bottom flanges inturned,y and wooden cushions arranged between the bars and seated on the bottom flanges thereof.

16. A tie having Z bars with retaining pockets of tapering forni7 and wedge shaped bearing cushions seated in said pockets and having a support. on the lower flanges of said Z-bars.

17. A tie comprising Z bars, and wooden bearing` cushions located between themv and supported by the lower laug'es of the Z bars,

,said cushions being' arranged so as to present the lgrain endwise to the rail base.

lu testimony whereof l hereunto atixniy signature in the presence ot two witnesses.

BEN.) AM 1N VOLHAUPTER.

Witnesses:

K. MCNALLY, W. S. OGiLvY. 

